Itm †Organizations, Management and the Networked Enterprises

In 2008, ICT (Information and communication technologies) sector of the Canadian sparing totaled $59. 2 billion Cellph wholenesss, delivery service, social medias, internet publicise argon growing and growing Three changes 1) emerging mobile digital platform (iphone, bb, netbooks ) 2) harvesting of online softw be as a service and 3) the growth in cloud computing where more than and more task software runs over the Internet system of ruless can entrust more on telework, outside work and distributed determination making, think decentralization, quicks can outsource more work, and rely on markets rather than employees to build repute.It also means that firms can work with suppliers and customers to create new products or tally existing ones more efficiently. doubting Thomas Friedman world is now flat, Internet and global communications had greatly reduced the economic and cultural advantages of developed countries. Digital firms most of substantive billet relationships (with customers, suppliers, and employees) of an plaque are digital. Core crinkle process are accomplished through digital mesh topologys spanning the entire organization or linking sixfold organizations.Key corporate assets- interellectual property, core competencies, and financial and human assets are managed through digital means. Time shifting ( 24/7) and space shifting (globally accomplished) are the norm There is a growing interdependence between a firms breeding systems and its business capabilities, changes in strategy, rules, and business processes increasingly require changes in ironware, software, databases, and telecoms. What the organization would like to do depends on what its systems will permit to do. 6 strategic business objectives 1) OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE- improve efficiency and productivity to chance on higher profitability. Eg Walmart,linked supplier, stocking just-in- clock time 2) NEW PRODUCTS, SERVICES AND BUSINESS MODELS ( which describes how a c ompany produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to create wealth). Eg Ipod/apple/itunes deliverying music 3) node AND SUPPLIER INTIMACY- satisfied customers will return purchasing more and employed suppliers lowers costs.Eg Mandarin Oriental in London, England hotel record the preference of customer and fund data to program the room conditions as desired. Nygard suppliers are informed expecting just-in time delivery, inventory is near zero as storage cost. 4) IMPROVED end MAKING- using real time data from the marketplace when making decisions. Eg Trimac, wonts a dashboard project 5) COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES achieving one or more of these business objectives. Eg Toyota Motor Company high level of efficiency and quality.TPS( Toyota Production System) focuses on organizing work to eliminate waste, make improvements, optimizing customer value, producing vehicles based on what customers in truth ordered. 6) SURVIVAL- because they have to keep up with the industry and busines s- Eg all banks had to implement automated teller machine machines IT(Information Technology) all hardware and software that a firm needs to use in order to achieve its business objectives. ( hadware, software, programs, applications) Information systems are heterogeneous and can be best understood by looking at them from both a technology and a business perspective.Its a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store and distribute education to support decision making and control in an organization as well as function analyzing problems, visualize complex subjects and create new products. It contains training (data- stark naked unrefined fact- that have been shaped into substantive and useful) about significant people, places and things within the organization or in the environment surrounding it.Eg supermarket checkout counters scan data from bar codes that can be totaled and analyzed to provide meaningful teaching. Four activities in instruction system to pr oduce information 1) stimulation captures or collects raw data from the org of external environment 2) Processing converts raw input into meaningful form. 3) Output transfers processed information to people or activities that will be used for 4) Feedback output that is returned to appropriate members of organization to help them evaluate or correct the input and touch stages. computers provide equipment for storing and processing information *computer programs or softwares are sets of direct instructions that direct and control computer processing information systems literacy- technical foul dimensions of a system computer literacy- knowledge of information technology MIS(Management information Systems) deals with behavioural and technical issues surrounding the development use and impact of information systems used by managers and employees in a firm. Dimensions )ORGANIZATIONS pyramid with upper levels of power structure consisting of managerial, professional and technical employ ees and lower levels operational personnel (authority and responsibility levels) - fourth-year managemet long- shop strategic decisions about products and go and ensures financial performance of the firm -middle guidance carries out programs and plans of senior management Knowledge workers engineers, scientists, design products or services and create new knowledge for the firm -operational management responsible for monitor the daily activities of the business.Data workers secretaries or clerks, assist with paperwork at all levels of the firm Production or service workers produce the product and deliver the service. major business functions Sales and marketing, Manufacturing and production, Finance and accounting, Human resources. Culture-fundamental set of assumptions, values and shipway of doing things that has been certain by most of its members 2) MANAGEMENT make sense, make decisions, break action plans to solve organisational problems. They essential exercise responsib le leadership.They must do more than manage what exists, by creating new products and services and re-creating organization from time to time. 3)INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY(INFRASTRUCTURE) one of many tools managers use to cope with change, which provides foundation or platform on which the firm can build its specific information systems. computer hardware- corporal equipment used for input, processing and output activities in an information system. Includes computers of various sizes including mobile devices, various input output and storage devices, and telecommunication devices that link computers together.Computer software- detailed, preprogrammed instructions that control and coordinate the computer hardware components in an information system Data management technology- consists of the software brass the organization of data on physical storage media Networking and telecommunications technology- consists of both physical devices and software, links the various pieces of hardware and transfers data from one physical perspective to another. A network links two or more computers to office data or resources, such as a printer.The internet (a business necessity and a competitive advantage) is a global network of networks that uses usual standards to connect millions of different networks with more than 1. 4 billion users in more than 230 countries. Intranets- internal corporate networks Extranets private intranets extended to authorized users outside the organization . World wide web service provided by Internet that uses universally accepted standards for storing, retrieving, formatting and displaying information in a page format on the Internet (web pages). g IS are part of a series of value-adding activities for acquiring, transforming, and distributing information that managers can use to improve decision making, enhance organizational performance, and , at long last increase firm profitability complementary assets assets required to derive value from a primary investment- organizational and managerial capital Important organizational investments supportive business culture that values efficiency and effectiveness, an appropriate business model, efficient business processes, decentralization of authority, highly distributed decision rights, and a industrial-strength information system development team.Important managerial investments strong senior management support for change, incentive systems, that monitor and reward individual innovation, an fierceness on teamworl and collaboration, training programs, and a management culture that values tractableness and knowledge Important social investments internet, supporting internet culture, educational systems, network and computing standards, regulations and laws and the precense of technology and service firms.IS are sociotechnical systems but are calm by machines devices and hard physical technology that require substancial social, organizational and intellaectual investments to m ake them work properly Technical Approach Management science, Computer Science Operations Research Behavioural approach Psychology, Economics, Sociology Socio-technical approach the performance of a system is optimized when both the technology and the organizational mutually adjust to one another until a satisfactory fit is obtained.