Dealing With Climate Change Through Interior Design Environmental Sciences Essay

Dealing With modality Change Through inner Design Environ psychic Sciences EssayLiving in innervation because of equatorial mood is not desirable. Everydays challenge in Singapore is humidity, conflagrate, and pelting for its em sicment that categorized in tropical climate z peerless. Hence, Singapore Government curiously government minister for National maturement stated about Singapores go up to sustainable development because it in addition has connection to global warming, that is why sustainable and personality atomic number 18 very classic nowadays. For instance, the tradition of garden within expressions competency be the just about effective bureau to adulterate ignite and humidity. The demand to use record is because it split ups positives changes and result to the build surroundings and people.This essay bequeath conduct a topic of tropical climate and natures effect in relation with various ship route how to tackle the problem and response w ith physical body. It is attainable to design a comfy living and working environment by creatingin- in the midst of spaces to put forward relief from the tropical climate through a combination of subjective and coarse computer architecture elements. In this essay, author consent to talk about Biophilic design hypothesis as a reach that explained about the inner forgiving to be near with nature, as one of the design elements to cooperate and achieve in reducing humidity, wake, and deal with rainfall in which, those three factors that make people un convenient in their activities.Firstly, natural elements that be entangled in warm wet zone and those be to be maximally used in ground of the effect of singularity from nature which allow bring positive result for the end users. Secondly, the variety show representations of tackling humidity, heat, and rainfall in tropical climate, such(prenominal) as earthy architecture is the about set aside to handle this problem . Thirdly, in- amongst spaces which are wanting in Singapore meaning that more intense activities in spaces or points e.g. offices do not stick enough nature inside the grammatical construction which actually raise help flash back stress of people from work. Lastly, tropical climate case studies that link to the issue and how those spaces are workable in tropical climate.In facing tropical climate as a central issue, the design approach provide be inspired from apply nature elements within certain places or spaces. The reason to use nature as part of ancestor is because it has qualities of positive psychological effects for kind-hearted existence and to some extent providing visual and spatial relief. As to bring up a dampen way of living in tropical nation, contemporary speech architecture nowadays exists to adapt with surroundings. All of these are guides that whitethorn allow us to develop and engineer for the best design solution in the future living.II. INTERI ORSCAPE, WITH NATURE ENHANCING THE GREEN CITYLiving in nature, people will get benefit from the essence of natures effect. Besides, nature shapes the reinforced environmental to be the ideal space for peoples demand at boon time.A. The Tropical ClimateThe tropical climate is positioned in the equatorial belt, between 230 and -230latitude which is also known as warm wet zone. Average yearbook temperatures can reach a maximum of 30o C during the day and 24o C at night trance thermal comfort for people is between 26o C-27o C (Anon, p2). Most importantly, tropic area is distinguished by its role characteristics juicy trains in humidity, heat or solar radiation in dry season and rainfall in rainy season. During rainy seasons, the level of humidity also increases. Due to high level of humidity, appropriate openings and ventilation system are needed to utilize the chargeflow so the evaporation will increase. An early(a) element is ceiling as a shelter plays an important role to be shading and keep the inside cool from the heat while it also becomes a protection during rainy periods.Tropical Climate in Singapore ContextSingapore is one of the countries in southbound East Asia region that is located in tropical area. The most dread for Singapore is to deal with the unstable climate of heat, rainfall, and humidity since geographically it lies on the equator line.It has become everydays challenge for Singapore to deal with tropical climate. But, it is no long-lasting new problem for people who rattling in tropical climate face this kind of weather every single day. Furthermore, this condition worsens most of the stressful working people and uncomfortable weather like heat may cast down their energy. Technology innovations such as walkover conditioners (AC) help people to achieve thermal comfort and they become reliance to AC but it is not the only solution. For over the years, Singapore has achieved itself to be a green city and currently Singapore gov ernment especially Minister for National Development, Mr. Tan in his speech (2010) stated about Singapores approach to develop more on sustainable environment. At the moment, Bedok Court HDB (Hosing Development and Board) is one of an example how Singapore deals with this tropical climate issue.B. Nature as Design Elements to Achieve the Aim in Reducing Discomfort in Tropical ClimateCan we deal in a better way to response this issue? Nature is one of the solutions to help reduce heat in tropical climate. As written higher up, to reduce have on and stress which are caused by tropic weather, the importance to use nature is become fundamental, since contact with nature helps to heal and recover health, increases concentration and memory. viewing nature can receive a rapid modifyment in body restoration both psychologically and physiologically. The exposure of nature is purposed to lick the levels of activities and energy for it draws people to a positive changes.We feel and assum e that the advert of heat always give disadvantages, while, the approach in tropical climate is to minimise the heat and also take advantage from it. The benefits from nature elements can be utilized as maximum as possible since they produce positive effects to peoples mind and body. This means, the essence of nature in this consideration is not only providing the built environment with aesthetic factor.1. Biophilic Design suppositionThe reason to use nature is because it has positive effects psychologically and physiologically to the sense of human beings. It has a close relationship with a theory called Biophilia. The term of Biophilia is founded by E. O. Wilson and this theory is based on the inner of human being that essentially involve to be close with nature. Based on Biophilic Design, Kellert (2008, p3) stated that biophilia can be defined as an understanding of the in refractory human affinity to affiliate with natural systems and processes, especially life and life-lik e features of the nonhuman environment.It is proved that people tends to depend on environmental features because it enhances human physically and mentally. Those environmental features can be described such as clear-cut, sound, odor, wind, weather, weewee, vegetation, animals, and landscapes. in that respect are six biophilic design elements environmental features, natural shapes and forms, natural patterns and processes, light and space, place-based relationship, and evolved human-nature relationship. (Kellert 2008, p6)2. Natural ElementsWith that background of the importance of nature for people, this essay will converse on the first element of biophilic which is the environmental features that consist of three profound elements of nature greeneries or plants, water, and natural light.The Essence of Greeneries, Water and Natural atonicthither are three principal(prenominal) natural elements that are involved and become necessary for tropical climate in order to reduce hum idity and heat as the looks of the tropical climate. Firstly, greeneries it has become popular and also important to have plants or gardens within buildings. Essentially, greeneries become necessary because they provide visual and spatial relief for human beings. In addition, there are some positive psychological effects of greeneries toward human beings. It effectively reduces stress, decreases mental fatigue, gives tease apartations for it is good for eye relief, restores mental clarity, enhances comfort, and improves or increases sense of well being (Kellert 2008, p7).Secondly, water that produces positive physiological effect and always be the most basic human needs. Water is able to lower blood pressure, relax tension- accepted muscles, ease headaches and also cure aches and pains. Water insertion to a built environment provides and enhances the quality of human life. Furthermore, water in motion such as waterfall, cascade down, and a pond with circulation will add strong range to the biophilic design attraction. Other applications of water elements can be contributed in pileus gardens, green chapiter, interior pools or basins (as a soft boundary to soil the distinction between inside and outside), exterior water gardens, and water cascade (Kellert 2008, p7).In a warm-hot climate, water is an absolute necessity. It remains cooler because water heats up slower than the land (Trocme 2006, p11). This means, the built environment which located on base water will be cooler than one is surrounded by land.Water, you have no taste, no color, no odor, you cannot be defined, you are relished while ever mysterious. Not necessary to life, but rather life itself, you fill us with gratification that exceeds the delight of the senses. Of the riches that exist in the world, you are the rarest and also the most delicate you, water, are the proud divinity. (Antoine De Sant Exupery, p43)Thirdly, sunlight or natural light which comes from solar radiation the quality of its illumination and act upon from light can affect mood and energy level while it also good for maintaining health. In Kellerts statement (2008, p11), natural light is preferred in contributing to improve health, productivity, and well being in a built environment. Besides, the effect of natural light also provides sense of openness. batch prefer and depend on natural light for its ability in price of giving visual acuity to satisfy human needs in physical, emotional, and intellectual aspects (Kellert 2008, p7). Direct sunlight in tropical area is not preferable, it might become our enemy. But of course it does help us in providing the advantages, so controlling the sunlight is necessary to make it desirable. frolicsome draws people, as it does flowers, but our need for light must be equilibrize with keeping cool. (Trocme 2006, p11)Understanding these elements and factors may help the precedents to create and built the controlled environment to adopt with the tropical cli mate. The prime aim is to minimise and prevent the provocation that caused by the tropical climate in order to create a better living environment.C. Variety Ways of Tackling Tropical Climate (Heat, Humidity, and Rainfall)There are various ways in tackling tropical climate especially with vernacular architecture. Some requisites of treatments and techniques are needed in an appropriate way to tackle the tropical weather.1. Vernacular ArchitectureIn the book present-day(a) Vernacular, according to Correa (1998, p10) the term of vernacular can be described as the notion of the building that has relation to the environmental circumstances and involving society as a whole. The built forms in vernacular architecture are adapted to take specifics needs regarding climate and culture, existing materials in order to accommodate the ways of life and values in producing them.In Singapore context, because of its multicultural circumstances, it may influence the topical anaesthetic architec ture. As Singapore was a British colony, historic buildings are mainly influenced by European styles. In the other hand, this gnomish country was known as a free international port, other races such as Chinese, Malay, and Indian are also involved in influencing the local Singapore architecture.Not only cultures that determine the vernacular architecture in Singapore but the tropical climate also dictated the built environment. In other words, the local vernacular architecture is not originally come from one aspect but is combination with other aspects. These are some influences of vernacular architecture in Singapore which assort by Yeang (1987 ,p30-31) Malay verdant VernacularFig.1Typical Malay vernacular house based on Malaysian tradition, consists of atap crown, timber panels with floor increase above from the ground level. The raised floor is purposed to provide tranquillity because in the rural ancient times, they used to live in a colonization setting where animals mig ht attack their houses. So, it is created in such a way for protection from ground moisture, flood and animals, ventilation, and shade.Moorish-influenced institutional buildingFig. 2 more often than not the examples are the Istanas of Malay Sultanate which had larger scale and it is influenced by European and essence Eastern countries.Dutch influencesFig. 3Christ-Church and stadthuys are the most obvious examples of Dutch influences since most of Dutch are Christians.The straits eclecticFig. 4Chinese shophouses are best described this style. It emphasize in ornamentation in their facade treatment.Anglo-Indian influencesFig. 5The local Anglo Indian style has motifs with Sino Malay influences in terms of unglazed half-around tiles and the serambi.In local context, the most appropriate of vernacular architecture in tropic area is the Malay Rural vernacular since it has the same environment and climate with Singapore. But, Malay rural vernacular cannot be called as a set style because it depends on the local circumstances, situation and environmental context that eventually created in a way to meet the specific needs of the built environment. Therefore, this built environment can be held as an approach in order to fulfil the requirement in local context. The existence of vernacular architecture in tropic area can be a guideline in maturation the suitable built environment for people.Through fundamental guidelines of tropical vernacular architecture, influences from other cultures and weighing the environmental context in the same tot up, that is where a critical approach means for vernacular architecture in Singapore. The responsive design to the climate, local context and environment are the attain points to aim the built environment. Though Singapore does not have a fixed style, meaning of vernacular architecture in Singapore is may be more important to depend on the characteristic of a place and environment.In tropical climate, hoods are more important th an walls. ceiling shaped is one of the vernacular features for thermal control. There are few types that more often than not used for tropical area pitched roof shaped, high bastard roof, ventilated roof, and deep roof overhangs. The main function of roof is to allow the breeze penetration in order to utilize the air flow, reduce humidity, and make the space inside cooler.First type is pitched roof shaped, ordinarily with large overhanging eaves give protection from the direct sunlight and rain. eminent jack roof, usually used by typical shophouses that has gabled roof segment is mainly functioned as shelters and the small opening which separate from the main roof enhances muff-ventilation to reduce heat from solar radiation (Yeang 1987, p24). Ventilated roof is also effective for removing heat by cross ventilation. Besides ventilated, it usually combined with pitched roof shaped with wide overhang so it also able to shade walls. Deep roof overhangs with ventilation grilles ab ove eye level protected the built environment in terms of sun shading and also allow air flows.Fig. 6 Types of Roofs fling Roof Jack Roof Ventilated Roof Deep Roof OverhangsKnowing these several basic types of roof shaped can lead designers to create the built environment in a contemporary context. Types of roof are invented in many ways to be the solution and improve the living environment in tropical area. Besides, in local context roofs shapes are mostly influenced from other countries either from the colony (British) or the countries which have the same climate condition as in Singapore.The applications can be seen in traditional Chinese shophouse design in Malaysia with a key feature of the continuous covered veranda-way in order to minimise the irritation of tropical climate. Another principles are to use internal air-well that allows light, adequate amount of openness in the interior space with high ceilings and overlapping- roofs to reduce heat radiation.(Yeang 1987, p22-23 )Types of roof are not the only way to tackle the discomfort from tropical climate. Openings are another aspect which is crucial for cross ventilation. Besides, air flow pattern is determined by openings because air has to circulate. Therefore the color of using openings is important to design a good controlled of built environment. louvered or jalousie openings are mostly used because this system directs air to the living areas. Tight area without or less openings will give more humidity and heat. Separated and scattered layout or forms of space are purposely used for air flow. For example house in Buzen, lacquer that is formed in scattered and individual boxes. The design intention in separated layout of each functional room is to have maximum cross ventilation and enhanced with windows in each rooms.D. Lack of In-Between distance in SingaporeAlthough Singapore already has adequate amount of greeneries around the city, it still lacks of in-between spaces in terms of inclusion o f nature to the interior. However, there is an example which provides a good solution to make more comfortable living in tropical area.Good application of vernacular aspect and nature can be found in Bedok Court. Compared to other high rise residential, the difference of Bedok Court is the big supply of balconies and spaces that specially plan for plants which placed in-between living units so called semi open forecourts. Cheng Jian Fenn was the designer of Bedok Court and the inspiration was from the rural village lifestyle whereby people live in a relaxed atmosphere and harmonious environment. But, due to the land scarcity, Cheng strategically planned each dwelling unit with garden as a whole to provide sense of landed house. (Lim 1998, p63-64) Creatively, his intention in the design is to maximise the land area with the system of high rise building yet each unit will own the garden.Fig.7 Bedok Court Fig. 8 The BalconyThrough surveys, Bedok Court shows satisfying result. With hig h supply of garden in each unit, the semi open spaces is preferred as the most comfortable spaces among the other functions in units such as swimming pool, the balcony, the lobby, the lift, and the interior of the unit. (Bay 2006, p66) The usage of garden helps the spaces to improve the thermal comfort condition in terms of the weather become slightly cooler because of the plants. In other words, it is encourage to increase the green areas to get a lower ambient temperature. midway space has potential or possibility to be a tally space (to be developed)In-between spaces can function as place where activity and free spaces joined (to be developed)E. Tropical Climate compositors case Studies1. The Architects field of operations in Sri Lanka by Geoffrey Bawa (need get along research)a. emphasize on openings and light-well on each roomb. use of greeneries or plants inside the house2. House at Blair Road in Singapore by Richard Ho Architects (need further research)a. evokes comfort with air-well for light and ventilationIII. CONCLUSION